Signaling system



April 14, 1931. G. Ev MORLEY 1,800,559

STGNALING SYSTEM Filed April 8, 1927 5 Shegts-Sheet 1 BY g G. E, MORLEY SIGNALING SYSTEM April 14, 1931.

Filed April 8, 1927 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR. fiolea EJ702412 y ATTORNEY. c

April 14, 1931- G. E. MORLEY 1,800,559

SIGNALING SYSTEM Filed April 8, 1927 5 Sheets-Sheet 3 $8 mv T @2 4 4 57 V 1.\'l LIYTOR.

April 14, 1931. G. E. MORLEY 1,800,559

SIGNALING SYSTEM Filed April 8, 1927 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 INVENTOR aryz E Mar-7 a f v A TTOR NE Y.

Patented Apr. 14, 1931 UNITED STATES.

GEORGE E. MORLEY, F DETROIT, MICHIGAN SIGNALING SYSTEM Application filed. April 8, 1927,

This invention relates to signaling systems, and has to do particularly with a novel system for initiating, transmitting, indicatin and recording a plurality of signals, of

di erent types, having a marked distinction,

over a single pair of wires.

Heretofore, in protective signaling systems for indicating and recording Watchmens report calls and fire alarms, or other emergency signals, where a single pair of wires has been used totransmit the signals to the central oflice, there is no marked distinction between the different types' of signals initiated and received, and the common practice is that one round of the box code number is transmitted and received on an indicating tape register at the central office to denote a watchmans report call, which represents one type of signals, and for fire or other emergency purposes four rounds of the box code number is usually transmitted and received on the same central office tape indieating register, which represents another and the most important type of signals. As there are no other manifestations signifying a fire alarm, other than that the box number is printed four times instead of once, as is done in a watchmans report, and as there are no automatic facilities for transferring the fire 3o alarms or other emergency signals received to a general alarm circuit, the efliciency of this type of a system depends altogether on the visual alertness of the operator in charge.

Fire alarms or other emergency signals transmitted to the citys headquarters by telephone, are subject to delays and misunderstandings through excitement common to the use of the telephone in emergencies, or if manually transmitted to the citys headquarters by a transmitter and special circuit, re-

quiring coding on sending, and decoding in receiving, each operation depends on the human element, and as fifty initiating code signal boxes are allowed and fifty to sixty generally used, it follows that there will be from fifty to sixty watchmens report signals transmitted and received on each circuit every hour, and if a fire alarm or other emergency signal transmitted and received on one of these circuits is not noticed by the operator Serial No. 181,968.

before succeeding watchmens report calls are transmitted and received, the record of the fire alarm or other emergency signal will have passed on from the recording tape register, out of sight to the take-up reel and the most important of all signals of the service is lost.

To produce a greater distinction in the manifestation, indication and recording of the different types of signals received in protective signaling systems, it has also been the practice to install separate systems for each type of signals, which means a duplication of initiating signal boxes, transmitting circuits, recording and indicating registers, and controlling switch boards, and to transfer the fire alarms or other emergency signals from a multiplicity of initiating signal circuits to a general alarm circuit, it requires an electromechanical repeater with a specially arranged controlling switch board, all of which makes a very expensive, cumbersome and complicated installation. v

It is the object of this invention to provide a simple, reliable and relatively inexpensive signaling system, primarily for private installations, to furnish a watchmans reporting system and a fire alarm system combined, using a single pair of wires for transmitting the signals to a central operating and recording set, designed that the watchman in making his rounds inserts his key in the initiating code sending signal station and causes one round of the code number of the station to be recorded and time stamped on the tape of the central recording set in the usual well known manner, but when an initiating code sending signal station is pulled for fire, or other emergency, it will automatically light a large red bulls-eye on the central operating switch board, sound four rounds of the code number on a single tap gong, record the four rounds of the signalion the tape indicating register, transmit the alarm to the general fire alarm circuit, and, if desired, automatically trip a master city fire alarm box representing the building or zone in which the pulled initiating code sending signal station is located.

This is initially accomplished by the pro- Fire vision of a plurality of code sending signal boxes as many as fifty to each circuit (as usua allowed by the National Board of nderwriters), all connected by a single pair of closed circuit wires, and this single pair of wires having a resistance connected in series at their 'furthermost ends from the central oflice, this resistance being designed to reduce or cut down the current flow of the closedcode sending signal circuit, to a normal operating current from 'a source of current supply of a higher voltage than would ordinarily be required to furnish the mechanism and the end of the circuit, shunting out the resistance at the end of this code sending signal circuit, with the result that a current flow of a relatively higher amperage is immediately produced, which actuates the central oifice trip relays'that are not operated by the normal operating current, thereby lighting a red bull s-eye on the central oflice switch boardsi nifying an alarm of fire or an emergency signal is to follow, removing a shunt rom a single stroke gong connected to the circuit so that it will sound. the code number of the initiating station pulled and add a resistance to the code sending signal circuit, reducing the current flow back to a normal rate suitable for the transmission of the fire alarm or emergency signal, and immediately thereafter four rounds of the code signal is sounded on' the switch board gong and recorded on the central oflice recording set. I

A further object of my invention has to do with the provision of a signaling system for initiatin and transmitting a plurality of signals of di erent types over a single pair of w1res to a central ofiice, and arranged that all signals of all-types from a multiplicity of signal circuits will be automatically recorded on a central oifice multiple circuit tape indicating register, and that all of the fire alarm oriemergency signals only will be sounded on a single stroke gpng and indicated on a red bull s-eye on t e central oflice switch board, andtransmitted to a closed general ,alarm circuit, and automatically trip an auxiliarized master city fire alarm boxca'lling the city fire de artment to a certain entrance,

or zone. In this case the initiating code sending signal circuits are positive non-interfering in transmitting fire. alarm or emergency signals into the general emergency alarm circuit, and arranged that-if a fire alarm or emergency signal is initiated on'several different circuits at, or about the same time, every one of them will be automatically sounded on separate gongs and indicated on separate bulls-eyes on the central oflice switch boardand recorded on separate circuits of the multiple recording tape register, and only one of the circuits will automatically ain control of and transmit its signal to t e general alarm circuit. A signal key is provided on the general alarm circuit for manually transmitting the remaining signals, butarranged that it is inopera- .single pair of wires, all as described in the preceding paragraphs, designed that fire alarms representing one type of signals of the system can be sounded on gongs or horns in,

any desired floor, building, or zone, when any particular inltiatmg code sending slgnal statidn, or any combination of sending Sta-- tions is pulled in that floor, building, or zone,

by the operation of a key switch before pulling the box, and that an 0 en circuit of the initiating signal circuit Wlll not' cause the local alarms to operate.

' In the drawings:

Fig. 1 is an assembly drawing,largely diagrammatic, of a multiple circuitsignaling system constructed in accordance with my invention. I

Fig. 2 is an enlarged detail View illustrating in particular the mechanism for automatically completing and transmitting the alarm signals, and also showing the preferred construction for insuring, positive non-interference between the various circuits.

Fig. 3 is a diagrammatical View showing a modified manner of connecting the signal initiating stations with a local alarm system.

. Fig. 4 is an enlarged detail view of a signal box circuit for a particular building, and illustrating the modified manner of positioning the alarm boxes separate from the normal code signaling boxes.

Fig. 5 is a diagrammatic layout illustrating the adaptation of my novel system to large factories.

In Fig. 1 of the drawings I have illustrated my novel invention as embodied in a two cir- .boxes on each circuit, and furthermore, that the system may be used as a signaling system for transmitting other signals than fire alarm I and watchmans reporting signals, such as an emergency signaling system for large banks,

prisons and penitentiaries, and in fact, for sending and indicating signals of any nature where a plurality of signals are require-d of difl'erent types.

In the particular arrangement of apparatus illustrated for carrying out my invention the two circuits may be designated A and B. The

various instruments and wiring arrangement are shown diagrammatically, but I have shown the location of a switchboard in dotted lines, as at 1, it being understood that the various instruments and apparatus locat- 5 ed within such dotted lines are in commercial arrangement located either on the front or supported at the rear of the switchboard. However, this locating and supporting of the various instrumentalities is largely immate- 5 rial as far as the present invention is concerned, and the diagrammatic illustration is believed to. more clearly set forth the novel operation of the system.

The various elements in each circuit A and B are in general given the same designating numerals for the reason that the operation in each case is exactly similar. The code signal boxes shown may be generally designated 2 and 3 in circuit A, and 4 and 5 in circuit B.

Such code signal box-es may be of the well known type generally used in fire alarm, night watch, and other signaling systems, such as shown in the patent to Francis No. 1,498,? 23, of June 24, 1924, and in general may I 733 be said to consist of means adapted to receive a suitable watchmans key for transmitting signals of one type, and also provided with a suitable glassa'dapted to be broken whereby the box may be opened and a lever pulled down to transmit signals of a diiferent type.

It will be understood that such box structure does not form a part of my invention and therefore need'not be described in detail.

The boxes 2 and 3 may be of any number,

1:: say up to fifty, or as many as allowed by the fire underwriters on a single circuit, and such boxes are all connected by a single pair of wires which may be designated-a in circuit A, and b in circuit B. The pair of wires aa or b b may extend in parallelrelation to any part of a building or zone, and at frequent intervals they will be connected to the separate code signal boxes 2, 3, 4 and 5, as indicated diagrammatically in Fig. 1.

Referring to the code signal box 2, the one wire a is adapted to be connected to signaling contacts, as at a1, which contacts are adapted to be opened and closed by means of a code signal wheel 6, which is diagrammatically shown provided with three projections which to contact with a member a3 on the other wire whenever the box is pulled for fire or any other signal or alarm, as will be understood by those skilled in the art and as disclosed in said patent to Francis. Thus to send an ordinary watchmans signal, the watchman will cause the wheel 6 to make one revolutionto send in the signal 3, while if the alarm lever is pulled down the contacts a2 and a3 will be brought together and held in such position until the box has transmitted its signal. Each circuit, A, B, et cetera, will therefore present a closed circuit regardless of the type of si nal transmitted. Each combination box wi l of course have a difierent code signal wheel in order to indicate on the various instrumentalities to be described the location from which the signal or signals are sent.

At the end of the line formed by the pair of wires a, and beyond the last code signal box I have provided a resistance element 7. This resistance is adapted to reduce the amperage in the circuit formed by the pairs of wires (1, 6, etc., whereby when the circuit is opened and closed'at a-1 the current cut down by resistance member or members 7 serves to actuate only certain instrumentalities as will be later described. It will be apparent, however, that if the members a2 and a-3, or b2 and 6-3, etc., are brought together at any one box that the current will be shunted across the pair of wires to cut out the resistance 7 at the end of the line, in which case a current of increased amperage will immediately flow through the pair of wires a or b to the various signaling instrumentalities.

A normal closed operating circuit for transmitting signals may be indicated by the plurality of letters a. Starting from the code signal box 2, the circuit A connects with the battery 8 and a suitable rheostat 9. The next instrumentality encountered by this circuit A is a main line relay which may be generally designated 10. The current normally flowing through the closed circuit A will serve to attract the armature of the main line relay 10 whereby to close contact members 11 and open12 whenever the circuit is broken by contacts a1. The closing of the member 11 will close the circuit designated al to cause actuation of the central oiiice recording register which may be generally designated 13, the closing of the circuit serving to bring in action the battery 14, which is designed to actuate the register with about .3 amperes. As this circuit a1 is connected to the circuit A by means of the contact members 11, closed by relay 10, it will be obvious that any signals sent by the character wheels 6 from any box in the circuit A will be recorded by a pen or punch means controlled by the circuit al.

The next instrumentality in the normal cir' cuit A is a trip relay 14 which is so adjusted, however, as not to be actuated by the normal current flowing through the circuit A, WhlCl'l is preferably around .1 ampere. The current therefor will flow through this trip relay 14, and next pass around a trip relay which is also adjusted as not to be actuated by the normal current flowing through the circuit A of .l ampere. A fire alarm gong and actuating mechanism 16 is provided as best shown in Fig. 2. The circuit A is shunted around such gong by means of a switch 17 and the line 18 which carries the circuit A around resistance members 19 and 20. The current in the circuit A having passed around the resistance members 19 and 20 by means of the shunt 18 will then be free to flow back to the box 2 whereby it completes the circuit.

The main line. relay 10 is connected to a general fire alarm circuit C through the contact 12 and wires 21 and 22. The wires 21 and 22 are connected as illustrated to a switch member 23, which is connected by means of a lever 24 to a pivoted member 25 forming part of the trip relay 14. Tripping of the relay 14 by the sending therethrough of a current of such amperage to actuate the same will allow the lever 25 to rotate clockwise 90 whereby the lever 24 will operate'the switch 23. One wire forming the circuit 0 is thus connected to the switch 12 by means of the wires 21 and 22 and the other wire of the circuit 0 is connected to the wire 22 by means of a switch 26 which is closed when the switch 23 is open. It will thus be obvious that when the main line relay 10 is actuated by make and break of the normal current of .1 ampere that the current flowing through the contact 12 will be merely shunted by the wires 21, 22 and the switch 23 so as to prevent the breaking of the circuit 0.

A non-interference relay 30 interposed between the trip relay 15 and the trip relay 14, consists of an electromagnet or tripping member adapted to actuate a lever 31 which operates between two contact members 32 and 33. The relays or actuating members 30 of each circuit are connected in series with a suitable battery 34 to provide the actuating current, the relays being connected by one wire 35 to the battery and the return wire being provided with suitable switch members 36 which are directly controlled by means of levers 37 secured to the pivoted levers 25. It will thus be obvious that in normal operation, the switches 36 will remain open, but when the trip relays 14 are actuated by increased current flow the switches 36 will be instantly 010 d to complete the circuit for actuating the relays 30 whereby the levers 31 will be moved down into contact with the contacts 33, thus positivelysending the emergency operating current around through the trip relay 15 to cause positive actuation of the same. It will thus be seen that inasmuch as each non-interference relay 30 in each circuit will be ac- 'tuated by the sending of an emergency alarm through one circuit, that it will serve as a positive shunt for the other trip relays 14, and with contacts 26 providing positive noninterference between circuits with reference to the general alarm circuit 0.

The trip relay 15, upon actuation by an emergency alarm current from one of the code signal boxes, will actuate the armature '40 to release the pivoted lever 41 whereby the switch 17 will be opened and'the switch '42 closed. The opening of the switch 17 will cause the alarm current to pass through the instrument 16 and the two resistances 19 and 20 whereby the armature of the alarm gong will be set for signaling and the relatively high amperage current, preferably about .3 ampere,

will be divided up and lowered so that in its return to complete the circuit will not cause burning. of the contacts in the boxes. The closing of the switch 42 will complete a circuit, as indicated, to light a red. bulls-eye forming a part of each circuit to indicate an emergency alarm. Each pivoted lever 41 has an arcuate shaped portion 41a. The armature 40 of the relay 15 is normally some distance from the electro-magnet, but when the armature is attracted by'the emergency current the lever 41 will be released and move 90. The arcuate part 41a will then be moved toa position above the armature to limit its movement. I

The releasing of the trip lever 41 will move the levers 44 and 45 to release the pawls 46 and 47 whereby they will operatively contact with the member 48 and continued movement of the armature 40 by the signals from the actuated signal box will successively move the pawl 46 to advance the master pawl 48 step bystep, the pawl 47 serving to temporarily hold the member in each advanced position whereby to finally cause contact of the end 49 of the pawl with the switch member 50 thereby. opening the shunt of a'standard shunt type auxiliarized master city fire alarm box 51, This fire alarm box 51 is auxiliarized with circuit A, and a similar fire alarm box with circuit B are adapted to send in anala'rm signal to the city fire department, the alarm,'of course, designating the particular zone in the circuit A or B from which the alarm is sent in.

The circuit 0 may be' connected in series with a suitable alarm gong or signal device designated 52 in the power house, 53 in the local fire brigade station, and 54 at one of .the. entrance gates, and at 55 in'another ento the central recording register 13. As the normal reporting signals operate on .1 ampere, the main line relay is the only instrument on the switchboard in this circuit all the relays 30 to shunt out the trip relays that will operate on this low current.

For the sending of an emergency alarm, in the particular illustration shown in Figinc 1, the glass in any signaling box, say box 2, is broken, the door opened and the lever pulled all the way down and released whereby the contact 'a--3 is closed, shunting out the resistance 7 at the end of the line goand thus instantly increasing the current flowing in the circuit from its. normal .1 ampere to preferably over .8 amperes. Trip relay 14 is adjusted to trip at .2 amperes or over, and immediately trips by its armature being attracted thereby releasing the member 25 which in turn actuates the levers 24. and 37 to open the contact 23 and close the contacts 26 and 36. The closing of contact 36 energizes the non-interfering relay in 30 circuits A, B, etc., whereby the armatures 31 are attracted and remove a shunt in each circuit from the trip relays 15 and put a shunt on trip relays 14." Trip relay 15 in the particular circuit A then trips on the opening of the shunt contact 32 and the member41 rotates to open contact 17 and close contact 42 and also allows the members 46 and 47 to contact with the member 48. The closing of thecontact 42 lights the large red bulls-- eye on the switchboard signifying that fire or emergency alarm signal is about to be transmitted in circuit A.

- It will be obvious from inspection of Fig.

1 and Fig. 2 that the same general manner of operation will be carried out in the circuit 15 or any other one of a multiplicity of circults when an emergency signal is initiated from one of the code'sending signal boxes in a particular circuit.

It will be obvious from Figs. 1 and 2 that the opening of the contact 17 removes the shunt from the switchboard fire alarm gong 16, which is in series in the box circuit caus- 7 ing tne magnet to be energized and the armature attracted and the gongs set to properly sound the fire alarm signal that is to follow.

Following this. the code signal initiated from the pulling of the emergency alarm of'the box 2, for instance. is sounded on the switchboard gong 16 and also sounded on all the fire alarm gongs 52, 53. 34 and on the circuit. 0 through the action of the main line relay 10 and contacts 12 and also repeated on the circuit a1 and recorded on the central 8: recording set 13 by the particular pen or punch for that particular circuit. It will be obvious from Fig. 1 that the code signal from the circuit B, for instance, would be transmitted to the central recording set through the circuit 61:

A fire alarm pulled on the circuit B, or any other circuit, while the circuit A is operating a fire or emergency alarm will not interfere or send any signals on the alarm circuit 0, because when the non-interference relay 30 of the circuit A is actuated it actuates 14. on the respective circuits. The trip relays 14 on the circuit B being shunted out it will be obvious that it will not operate to actuate the levers 24 and 37 and thus will not open the switch 23; But the shunt contacts 31 and 32 in the circuit B having been opened by circuit A allows the trip relay 15 to operate by the increased amperage thus causing a large bulls-eye in circuit B to light, denoting a fire alarm, and to open the 'shunt switch 17 which allows the fire alarm gong 16 to be sounded. The main line relay 10 in circuit B will of course be actuated to effect the recording of the fire or emergency alarm signals on the central recording register through the circuit 51. The shunt circuit formed by the wires 22 and 22a and contacts 26 will of course act as a non-interference means if the circuit A is actuated first and any other circuit subsequently actuated, but the reverse would be true if, for instance, the alarm signal is pulled on circuit B first. However, by interposing the non-interference relays 30 1 have provided positive non-interference between the respective circuits whereby the first alarm pulled on any circuit is transmitted completely through the local alarm circuit a without interference with any other circuit if it should happen to be pulled in the meantime.

When an emergency alarm is initiated from the signal box'of any circuit, or from a plurality of circuits at the same time, the various trip relays 15 of the respective circuits will be actuated whereby the actuation of the armatures by sending of emergency signals will ratchet up member 48, step by step. After the'advancing of the member 48 several steps, point 49 will open contacts 50 thereby removing the shunt from the trip coils of the so-called shunt type master city fire alarm box 51, causing the city box to be tripped and calling the city fire department, or other agency to that particular zone or zones. 1

The resistance 19 is connected in the series with the switch board emergency alarm gong 16 to reduce the box circuit current to approximately .2 amperes after the alarm trip relay has once functioned. As this gong 16 is mounted on the .front of the switchboard and may have exposed terminals that may become disconnected, a resistance 20, which is equal 17 are open, as the continuity of the circuit will be maintained through the resistance 20. The relay 30 serves to shunt out the trip relays 14 in each circuit, but if the trip relays 14 of circuits A and B, for instance, should be tripped at exactly the same time for an emergency alarm,'the closing of the shunt contacts 26 of each circuit A and B gives the circuit ncarest the battery (in the case illustrated the circuit A) the exclusive use. of its connection. with fire alarm circuit a without any interference in circuit B, thus producing positive non-interference. However,

circuit Bs fire alarm will be indicated by a red bulls-eye, sounded on the gong, and recorded on the central recording set.

A de-energizing key is preferably introduced into each circuit, as best illustrated in -Figs. 1, 2 and 5, and the purpose of this key is to de-energize the lower trip relay 14 whereby to permit the lever 25 to be turned about its pivot and to be held in such turned position by the armature portion of the relay. If the relay were. not de-energi zed the armature would remain in its downward position and the lever 25 would have no restraining means to hold it in the set position shown in Fig. 1. The small key or thumb lever'for turning the lever 25 back into normal position is shown atthe front of the switchboard. shown in Fig. 5. The keys for actuating the member 41a are also shown on the front of the board in Fig. 5, and they are connected to the same shaft 'to which is pivoted the member 41a, just as the key members are pivoted to the shaft which carries the lever 25. If after an emergency alarm has been sent through any particular circuit and it is' desired to set the marginal relays 14 and 15,the lower relay 14 must first be de-energized, after which the lever 25 may be turnedabout its pivot to the position shown in Fig. 1 whereby the de-energized armature member of therelay will snap into the position shown and hold the lever in the position shown. This moving of the lever 25 to its normal position breaks the contact 36 and thus de energizes the relay 30 and permits the armature 31 to rise which immediately shunts the relay 15 permitting the key or operating member connected to themember 41a to be rotated and thus move such' operating member 41a into the reset position shown in Figs. 1 and 2. The relays 15 being de-energized it will be obvious that the member 41a will be held in this set position by the dc-energized armature of the relay 15. The lower relays in each circuit must be reset first, as it will be obvious that a bullseye in any circuitbeing lit as the result of a transmission of an emergency signal, that if the operator would attempt to reset the'member 41a and the trip relay .15 first, the red light would still remain indicating that the lower relay had not been reset. By thus resetting the relays 14 and 15 and their associated mechanism, such as the members 25 and 41a, it will be obvious that the operator at the switchboard can immediately prepare the signaling apparatus for subsequent signals after any alarm signal has been transmitted th'erethrough.

. A modified arrangement of the code signal boxes of my circuit is illustrated in the lower right hand part of Fig. 1 wherein circuit B is shown having a different wiring from the code signal boxes than circuit A In this modified form local alarms for a particular building or zone, in addition to the alarm circuit 0, are provided by installing an extra wire bb with the box circuit pair of wires 6 for -a distance covering the number of boxes The resistance 7 will thus be shunted out to initiate the fire alarm signal and in addition to operating the relays 14 and 15, this increased amperage will also attract the arma- I ture of relay 62 which relay energizes the 110 volt contactor 63 closing contact 64, which in turn causes the horns 65 to sound the code of the particular box pulled. It may be desirable that one particular box or plurality of boxes in a circuit should not transmit any local alarm such as to the horn 65, and in this case the contact 53 will be made between the wire 62 and the wire 1; instead of to the wire 66, in which instance the alarm will be transmitted to the regular manifesting mediums from that particular box and thus cut out the local signals 65. In Fig. 3 I have shown a modified manner of wiring the code signal box of a certain circuit with local signal 'mechanism such as gongs or horns. In this figure the boxes are designated 4 and 5, just as in circuit B in Fig. 1. Each signal'box may be provided with a character wheel 6, contact bland also contact 122. v The contact- 62 instead of being connected directly to the opposite wire 6 or 66, as shown in Fig. 1, is connected through a wire 64 to a suitable switch 65, which switch 65 is adapted to contact with either one of two contacts 66 or 127, the contact 66 connecting the contact 62 with the wire 6, and the contact 57 connecting the contact 52 with the wire 6." The switch is ordinarily designed to contact with the contact 66 (or the opposite may be true in certain cases) whereby any alarm will normally go past the relay 62 and merely transmit the alarm to the regular mediums as is the case in circuit A of Fig. 1. However, if the local alarms through the horns 65 or other mediums, is desired, the operator of the box merely has to change the switch 65 to contact with the contact 67 whereby both the general alarm and the local alarm will be sounded. This modification is particularly adaptable to hotels or other buildings-having a large number of floors whereby the general alarm may be desired to be turned in from one or more floors without notifying the occupants of that floor; or, if it seems desirable to the operator of the signal box to simul taneously or later on give the alarm to any one or plurality of the local signaling manitesting systems on the particular floors.

A further modification, or what might be better termed, a further modified arrangement of the code signal boxes. is illustrated in Fig. 4. This arrangement is particularly adapted for factory buildings, or other places where it might be advisable to use separate watchmens boxes and fire and emergency boxes and to place the'watchmens reporting boxes at isolated parts of the building or particular floor, and separately place the fire alarm boxes at convenient parts of the building or floor where every box may be easily reached by occupants or watchmen without the necessity of going to isolated parts of the building or floor to turn in the alarm. This arrangement is designed tobe connected to a two wire system, such as shown in Fig. 1, the two upper wires aa are shown as being continuations of the circuit A, as illustrated in Fig. 1. The code signal reporting boxes. or

watchmens boxes may be designated 70, and as shown. are connected in series with the wire a10. The fire alarm boxes may be designated 71, and of course may be of any desired number and are connected in series over the wire (1-11. These wires (z-10 and a11 terminate in the resistance just as is shown in Fig. 1. In order that any fire alarm from boxes? 1. when turned in, will cut out all the boxes 70. I have provided a return shunt wire a12 for directly connecting the fire alarm boxes 71 with the main circuit aa. The one wire a, from the main circuit.

is connected directly to the boxes through the Wire a'11. as shown in Fig. 4. while the shunt wire a-12 leads from the other side of the boxes to the other wire and is connected thereto at a point 72. It will thus be obvious that if any alarm is given over any of the boxes 71 that any alarm will be directly transmitted to the main circuit and the shunt returned wire a12 will automatically instantly out off all the watchmens reporting boxes 71, the resistance 7 of course being automati at the end of the line that the battery 8 will be absolutely sure of sending enough current of higher amperage around the circuit to actuate the emergency apparatus. Thus by means of a single pair of wires I not only get a plurality of signals of different intensity and do away with a large amount of apparatus and wiring, but by virtue of this single pair of wires I maintain an absolute check on the alarm system. for as long as the watchmens reporting signals come through it is absolutely certain that the alarm signals are coming through from any box so actuated.

In Fig. 5 I have illustrated a particular adaptation of my novel system to a relatively large factory lay-out. This lay-out is diagrammatic and illustrates the particular adaptation of the circuit shown in Fig. 1 to factory use. The circuits for the different buildings or zones may be designated C. D. E and F. The central switchboard may be located any place, and as shown may be designated G. This switchboard is similar in a1- rangement to the switchboard shown in Fig. 1. From this switchboard the alarm circuit 0(as shown in Fig. 1) may be connected to the watchmens ates at the entrance, which may be designated 80, and also to the local fire brigade and power house, or other convenient stations. From this same switchboard suitable wires, as also shown in Fig. 1 may be connccted to master city fire alarm boxes 51. It will thus be obvious that all night watch calls from all zones will be transmitted to the central switchboard and to the recording register 13. However, if any emergency alarm call should come from any box in any zone it will be immediately transmitted to the switchboard to light the bulls-eye, actuate the gong to sound the code from the particular circuit. It will be recorded on the register, will actuate the gongs in the power house, fire brigade, and various watchmens stations at the entrance gates. This alarm will also simultaneously send in the call to the city alarm through the master alarm box 51. Each alarm box 51 may correspond to a particular entrance gate, or zone, and the watchman at that particular gate seeing that the code alarm is for a particular zone close to this gate, he will have the gates opened for the city fire department. and will direct them to the particular building or location in the zone, as indicated to him by the code signals. It will be understood that my signaling system including the switchboard apparatus er-al fire alarm system is also a closed circuit.

'By placing the resistance 7 at the end of my single pair of wires in each circuit, and by making the circuit closed, itwill be obvious that if this pair of wires a'a. or 66 should he accidentally shunted across or shorted that this accidental shorting of the circuit will automatically actuate the indicating mechanism which will call suitable persons to correct the fault. By such an arrangement it. will be seen-that absolute safety is obtained at all times, for when normal watch calls are regularly sent in it is absolutely certain that the-"circuit is in good condition for alarm signals.

' What I claim is:

1. A signaling system, comprising a closed series signaling circuit, using a single, pair of wires, a plurality of signal' initiating means connected to said pair of wires including mechanism for initiating a plurality of different types of signals, signal repeating mechanism connected in series in said wires for repeating all types of signals. and means also connected in series with said pair of wires for transmitting and indicating signals of only one type, and a second closed. circuit including a source of current supply jgand indicating means, and means controlled by the transmission of signals of said one type for connecting said repeating mechanism of said first closed circuit with said second closedcircuit whereby the indicating means in said second closed circuit will be actuated by said repeating means only Don actuation of said transmitting and indicating means. i

2. Asignaling system, comprising "a signaling circuit having a normal current flowing therein and including signal initiating means having means for increasing the'fiow of. current upon actuation thereof and signal indicating means, said signal indicating means comprising an armature arranged. to be actuated only upon the sending of said current of increased intensity through the circuit. said signal initiating means includingmake-and-break mechanism for actuating said armature .wherebv to manifest the proper signal, said initiating means operat-l iug to maintain said increase in current and said indicating means operating to decrease said current to substantially normal .and means automatically actuated upon actuaa tion of sahl-armature for limiting the movement thereof in transmitting the signal of substantially normal current.

3. In a signaling system, the combination of at least two circuits each containing'distingui'shahle indicating means, an impulse transmitting circuit having a normal current flowing therethrough, means for directly associating the transmitting circuit with one with one of said si module of said signal circu'its, said other signal cirhaving means for transmitting routine signalsto said-firstcircuit and for increasing the amount of current in said impulse circuit above normal, and means responsive to the increase of current in said circuit for permanently associating said second circuit with said impulse circuit to render said second circuit directly responsive to the signal impulses sent by said transmitting station after said increase in current.

4. In a signaling system, the combination of at least two circuits each containing distinguishable indicating means, an impulse transmitting circuit, means for directly associating the transmitting circuit with one I of said signal circuits, said other signal circuit being normally disassociated from said impulse circuit, a transmitting station having means for increasing the amount of current in said impulse circuit above normal, means responsive to the increase of current in said circuit for permanent-1y associating said second circuit with said impulse circuit to render said second circuitdirectly responsive to the impulses sent after said increase in current, and means operated by said increase of current responsive means for reducing the amount of current before any impulses are sent through said transmitting circuit. 4 v

5. In a signaling system, the combination of an impulse transmitting circuit having a normal current flowing therethrough, a plurality of circuits each containing distinguishable indicating means, means for di-' rectly associating the transmitting circuit aling circuits, one of said signaling circuits being normally disassociated from said impulse circuit, a transmitting station having means for transmitting routine signals and means for increasing the amount of the current in said impulse circuit above normal, and means responsive to the increased current impulse to render said normally unresponsive circuit responsive to signal impulses initiated from said impulse transmitting circuit.

6. In a signaling system of the normally closed circuit type having a normal current flowing therein, an impulse receiving circuit,

tem having .means resp'onsive to the operation of said signal imtiating means for signal initiating means in said signaling syscausing a surge of and maintaining an increased current flow in said system, and means responsive to said surge for rendering said receiving circuit responsive to the signal impulses from the signal initiating means and for reducing the current before the impulses are sent through said. transmit- [ting circuit.-

7. signaling system comprising an impulse transmitting circuit, a plurality of impulse receiving circuits, transmitting stations in said impulse transmitting circuit each having two means for initiating two different types of signals, means whereby the transmitting of signals from one of said staceiving circuit normally unresponsive to signal impulses through said closed circuit, means for causing a surge of increased current to flow 1n sald circuit, means responsive to said surge to render said alarm circuit responsive to signal impulses in said first named closed circuit, and a master transmitter tripping circuit normally unresponsive to signal impulses in said signaling circuit, and means actuated by said surge of increased current and by a predetermined number of signal impulses after said surge of current to actuate said tripping circuit to trip said transmitter.

9. In a signaling system, the combination of a plurality of closed impulse transmitting circuits, recording circuits and an alarm circuit having distinguishable indicating means, means for directly associating the transmitting circuits with the recording circuits, said alarm circuit being normally disassociated from said transmitting circuits, transmitting stations in each transmitting circuit including means for increasing the amount of current in any particular transmitting circuit, mean in each circuit responsive to an in crease of current for rendering the alarm circuit directly responsive to signal impulses in one circuit and for rendering the other increrse in current responsive means in said other circuits unresponsive to an increase of current therein.

10. In a signaling system, a closed two wire signaling circuit, means for normally maintaining a normally operative current in said circuit, signal manifesting means, means antomatically operated upon the sending of a signal to increase the flow of current, means actuated by said increase in current to render the signal manifesting means responsive to signal impulses, and means actuated by said increase in current for reducing the current in said circuit after the actuation of said last named means.

11. A signaling system, comprising an impulse transmitting circuit of the closed type having a normal current flowing therein, signal impulse transmitting stations in said circuit, an impulse receiving circuit, signal increased current to flow in said system,

means actuated by said increase in current to render said receiving'circuit responsive to the signal impulses in said transmitting circuit, local indicating alarm means connected with the signal transmitting means of each station, and means actuated by the actuation of said transmitting means, and the sending of the surge of increased current, to render said local indicating alarm means responsive to impulses in said signaling circuit.

12. In a signaling system, a signaling circuit comprising a source of current supply and a plurality of signaling stations connected in a closed series circuit of a single pair of wires, receiving circuits having distinguishable indicating means, means for rendering one of said receiving circuits unresponsive toimpulses from said signaling stations, and means for varying the amperage of said circuit whereby to actuate said last named means and means actuated by said variation in amperage to render said receiving circuit responsive to impulses from said signaling stations, said last named means also operating to reduce the amperage to substantially normal.

13. In a signaling system, a plurality of closed circuits each having means adapted to transmit both emergency and routine signals, a closed circuit indicatingsystem for all of said transmitting circuits, and an open circuit indicating system for each of said transmitting circuits, repeating means for transmitting all the signals of each of said transmitting circuits to its particular open circuit, means for normally rendering said closed circuit indicating system unresponsive to said repeating means, and means operated by the sending of an emergency signal in any circuit for rendering said closed circuit indicating system responsive to said repeating means.

14. In a signaling system, a signaling circuit of the closed type having signaling stations each provided with means for transmitting signals of marked distinction, a remote alarm circuit for indicating alarm signals of one type, means in said signaling circuit for normally rendering said alarm circuit inoperative to signal impulses of one type in said signaling circuit, means operated by an increase of current in said signaling circuit for conditioning said operating means, whereby the sending of a plurality of impulses in said transmitting circuit, after the sending of said increased conditioning current for indicating alarm signals 1n said alarm circuit, will operate the remote alarm circuit.

15. In a signaling system, a closed two wire signaling circuit having a normal current flowing therein, transmitting stations in said circuit each provided with signal initiating means for sending two types of signals, one type being sent on saidnormal current, means actuated by the operation of one of said signal initiating means for increasing the flow of current in said signaling circuit, signal indicating means in said closed signaling circuit, a marginal relay, operated only by said increased current in said signaling circuit, for normally rendering said signal indicating means unresponsive to signal impulses in said circuit, and means actuated by the sending of an increased current through said marginal relay to render said indicating means responsive to signal i111- pulses in said signaling circuit.

16. In a signaling system, a closed two wire signaling circuit, transmitting stations in said circuit each provided with signal initiating means for sendingtwo types of sig-. nals, means actuated by the operation of. one of said signal initiating means for increasing the flow of current in said signaling circuit, signal indicating means in said closed signaling circuit, a marginal relay, operated only by said increased current in said signaling circuit, for normally rendering said signal indicating means unresponsive to signal impulses in said circuit, means actuated by the sending of an increased current through said marginal relay to render said indicating.

means responsive to signal impulses in said signaling circuit, and remote signal manitesting means provided with its own actuating current and operatively positioned relative to said closed circuit indicating means as to be conditioned by said increase of current and actuated only upon the sending of at least two signaling impulses after said increase of current.

17. In a signaling system, tl1e combination of a plurality of closed impulse transmitting circuits having a normal current flowing therein, transmitting stations in each circuit having means for transmitting signal impulses at said normal current,

and means at each transmitting station for increasing the current substantially simultaneously with the initiating of a signal of one type, receiving means consisting of a re cording circuit for receivingand recording all signals of each circuit, and an indicating circuit for receiving and indicating only one type of signal of any one circuit, a separate source of current supplyfor actuating the indicating means in said second receiving circuit, means in each circuit for normally rendering said second receiving circuit unresponsive to signal impulses in any circuit but actuated by the sendingjof an increased current in its particular circuit for render- 1ng said second receiving circult responsive to signal impulses in said circuit and for shunting out signal impulses from any other circuit.

18. A signal transmitting system, comprising in combination a closed two wire signaling circuit, means for normally maintaining a normal operating current in said circuit, transmitting stations having means for sending both routine signals and alarm signals over said circuit, means automatically operated upon the sending of an emergency alarm signal to increase the flow of current, an open recording circuit, a relay for connecting said open circuit with said closed signaling circuit for transmitting all the signals from said closed circuit to said recording circuit, an emergency alarm circuit associated with said closed signaling circuit, having its own source of current for actuating suitable indicating means, and a marginal relay for normally disassociating said emergency circuit fromsaid closed signaling circuit, but being actuated by the sending of an increased flow of current to render said emergency circuit responsive to signal impulses in said signaling circuit after the sending of said increased flow of current.

19. In a signaling system, a closed two wire signaling circuit, transmitting stations, means for normally maintaining a normal operating current in said circuit, means automatically operated upon the sending of an emergency signal from a transmitting station to increase the flow of current, a recording circuit associated with-said signaling circuit for receiving all impulses in said signaling circuit, and emergency indicating circuits. comprising a local alarm circuit, a switchboard gong circuit associated with said signaling circuit, and a switchboardindicating circuit including a light, means in said signaling circuit for normally rendering said emer gency indicating circuits unresponsive to the signaling impulses in said signaling circuit, and means operated by the sending of an increased current for conditioning said emergency circuits preparatory to being responsive to the signal impulses in said circuit whereby any accidental shunting across of said two wires will only actuate said conditioning means and light the red light at the switchboard without sending signals through said other two alarm circuits.

20. In a signaling system, the combination of a plurality of closed impulse transmitting circuits, recording circuits and local and general alarm circuits having distinguishable indicating means, means for directly associating the transmitting circuits with the recording circuit, said local and general alarm circuits being normally disassociated from said transmitting circuits. transmitting stations in each transmitting circuit including means for increasing the amount of current in any particular transmitting circuit, means 1n each circuit responsive to an lncrease of current for rendering the local'and general alarm circuits directly responsive to signal impulses in the circuit, and for rendering the other general alarm increase in current responsive means in said other circuits unresponsive to an increase of current therein, but rendering the local alarm increase in current responsive means in said circuits responsive to an increase of current therein.

21. In a signaling system of the normally closed circuit type having a normal current flowing therein, impulse receiving means, signal initiating means, means responsive to the operation of the signal initiating means for-causing a surge of increased current to flow in said system, and means operable by said surge rendering said receiving means responsive to the signaling impulses from the signal initiating means, the association of sa1d receiving means automatically reducing the current flows in the circuit before the sending of any impulses.

22. In a signaling system of the type having a normal operating current flowing therein during operation, impulse receiving means, signal initiating means, means responsive to the operation of the signal initiating means for causing a surge of increased current to fiow in said system, and means operable by said surge, rendering said receiving means responsive to signal impulses from the signal initiating means, the association of saidreceiving means automatically reducing the current flow in the circuit before the sending of any impulses.

23. In combination with an electric signal circuit of the normally closed circuit type having a normal current flowing therein, signal impulse initiating means disposed in said circuit, impulse receiving means associated with said circuit, means responsive to the operation of the signal initiating means for causing a surge of increased current to flow in said circuit, and means operable by said surge rendering said receiving means responsive to the signal impulses from the signal initiating means and means other than-said initiating means for reducing said surge of current.

24. In a signaling system the combination of an electric signaling circuit having a normal current therein and comprising signal impulse initiating means, signal receiving means, means whereby the operation of the signal initiating means will cause a surge of current to flow in said circuit, means responsive to said surge for rendering said signal receiving means responsive to said signal initiating means, means actuated by the sending of said surge of current to immediately reduce said current to practically normal, and means operating upon the completion of the signal impulse initiating means to further reduce said current, whereby impulses subsequently sent by said signal initiating means have no effect on said signal means until said surge responsive means is reset for normal operation.

25. In a signaling system the combination of a plurality of closed impulse transmitting circuits each including local indicating means, recording and general alarm circuits, means for directly associating the transmitting circuits with the recording circuits, said local indicating means and alarm circuits being normally unresponsive to impulses in said closed circuits, transmitting stations in each transmitting circuit including means for increasing the amount of current in any particular circuit, means in each circuit responsive to an increase in current for rendering the indicating means and alarm circuit responsive to signal impulses in the the circuit and for rendering the alarm increase in current responsive means in said other circuits unresponsive to an increase of current therein, but rendering the increase in current responsive means for said indicating means responsive to an increase in current.

26. In a signaling system, the combination of a plurality of closed impulse transmitting circuits each formed with two wires, recording circuits, means for directly associating the recording circuits with the transmitting circuits whereby to record all signals of all types, local alarm indicating means in each closed circuit, advance indicating means asso' ciated with each circuit, general and city fire alarm circuits normally disassociated from said transmitting circuits so as to be normally unresponsive to signal impulses therein, said local alarm indicating means and said advance indicating means being also normally unresponsive to signal impulses in said circuits, transmitting stations in each transmitting circuit including means for increasing the amount of current in any particular transmitting circuit, means in each circuit responsive to an increase in current for rendering the local alarm and advance indicating means and the general alarm circuit directly responsive to signal impulses in the circuit, said advance indicating means being actuated upon the sending of the increased current to indicate in advance the sending of an alarm signal in any particular circuit, means actuated by the sendin of an increased current in any circuit and y the sending of a plurality of impulses after the said increase in current for operating said city fire alarm circuit, the operation of said increase in current responsive means 1n one circuit serving to render the increase in current responsive means in the other circuits for controlling the general alarm signals unresponsive to an increase in current therein, but rendering the other increase in current responsive means in said circuits responsive to an increase of current therein whereby to actuate said advance indlcatmg means, local alarm means and city fire alarm means and to record the sending of the alarm signal or signals on the recording means of the recording circuit or circuits.

- 27. In a signaling system, the combination of two or more closed circuit mainline signal transmitting circuits each containing signal transmitting stations and distinguishable indicating means, a plurality of indicating circuits each containing distinguishable indicating means, means for directlyv associating one of the signal transmitting circuits with one of said indicating circuits, to render said second circuit responsive to all impulses sent from the transmitting stations of said first circuit, general alarm circuits having distinguishable indicating means, signal transmitting stations having means for increasing" the amount of current flow in 'said transmltting circult above normal, and means responslve to the lncrease of current in said circuit for permanently associating said general;

alarm circuit with said signal transmitting circuit to render said general alarm circuit directly responsive to the impulses sent after said increase in current, and to render said general alarm circuit unresponsive to impulses from any other slgnal transmitting circuit either before or after an increase of current in said circuits, a plurality of secondary alarm circuits each containing distinguishable indicating means, means in each signal transmitting circuit responsive to the increase of current in said circuit for permanently associating one of the secondary alarm circuits with said signal transmitting circuit,

to give a permanent signal upon said increase of current, means in each signal transmitting circuit responsive to an increase of current for rendering the distinguishable indicating means in said circuit responsive to impulse signals from said signal transmitting stations sent after said increase of'current and means in said circuit for decreasing the increased current flow "of said signal transmitting circuit to practically normal before the transmission of the impulse signals from the signal transmitters, means in each signal transmitting circuit responsive to the increase current in said circuit for permanently associating said circuit to a tripping circuit of a master signal transmitter and means for tripping said master signal transmitter after a predetermined number of im ulses from the signal transmitting circuit a ter said 1ncrease in current.

. 28. In a signaling system, a closed signaling circuit having a resistanceat its outer end mechanism, and means in the initiating means for connecting the said repeating mechanism in multiple with the resistance in the endof the line for making said repeating mechanism responsive "to signals from the mltlatlng means.

29. An electric signaling circuitcomprisand including signal initiating means, a wire connected with one of the return wires of said closed circuit and having in series a local repeating mechanism, an indicating circuit of the open type including a source of current supply and a plurality of signal mani festing means actuated by the repeating 

